|
Between 1836 and 1839 the popular painter P. Zographos
was invited by Makrygiannis to create an iconography of the Greek War of Independence.
The work was based on the "dictations" of Makrygiannis as well as on the comments on
the battles which accompany each painting. This is the first of the twenty paintings and
its subject-matter
is the fulfillment of the plan of the divine Providence for the liberation of Greece.
The latter is picutured between Otto and Amalia, while the people, the clergy and the kings
of the Great Powers are also present.
Athens, Gennadeios Library.
Lefkoma tis Epanastasis tou 21: Me cheri P. Zographou kai skepsi I. Makrygianni,
Mermiga Publications, fig. 1.
© Gennadeios Library, Athens.
P. von Hess, The arrival of king Otto at Nauplion.
Oil on canvas 2,37x4,16 m.
Athens, National Bank of Greece.
Christopoulos, G.(ed.), Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous: Neoteros Ellinismos apo 1833 os 1881, vol. 13, Ekdotike Athenon, Athens 1977, p. 34.
© National Bank of Greece, Athens.
A. Polyzoidis (1802-1873).
Christopoulos, G.(ed.), Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous: Neoteros Ellinismos apo 1833 os 1881, vol. 13, Ekdotike Athenon, Athens 1977, p. 50.
Athens National Historical Museum.
© Historical and Ethnological Society of Greece, Athens.
G. Glarakis (1789-1855).
As minister of internal affairs from 1837 until 1849,
he assisted particularly the Russian party and maintained a Russophil position.
Athens National Historical Museum.
Christopoulos, G.(ed.), Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous: Neoteros Ellinismos apo 1833 os 1881, vol. 13, Ekdotike Athenon, Athens 1977, p. 75.
© Historical and Ethnological Society of Greece, Athens.
The night of September 3, 1843.
Painting by an unknown artist. Dimitrios Kallergis is discerned on a horse in the centre,
while Otto in a Greek costume and Amalia stand at a window of the palace.
Athens, L. Eutaxias Collection.
Christopoulos, G.(ed.), Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous: Neoteros Ellinismos apo 1833 os 1881, vol. 13, Ekdotike Athenon, Athens 1977, p. 91.
© L. Eutaxias Collection, Athens.
Andreas Metaxas (1790-1860).
He was of Cephallonian decsent. When the War of Independence of 1821 broke out
he went to the Peloponnese and became the leader of the armed force of the Ionian islanders
and took part in many battles.
He was a devout supporter of Kapodistrias and after his assasination he became the
leader of the Russian party.
Athens, National Historical Museum
Christopoulos, G.(ed.), Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous: Neoteros Ellinismos apo 1833 os 1881, vol. 13, Ekdotike Athenon, Athens 1977, p. 106.
© Historical and Ethnological Society of Greece, Athens.
Ioannis Kolettis (1773-1847).
Politician from Epirus who played a leading role in the political life of the Greek state
in the 1830's and 1840's. He was the leader of the pro-French party and based his power on his
relations with the chieftains of Rumeli but also on his ability to eliminate his adversaries
by acting behind the scenes.
Athens National Historical Museum.
Christopoulos, G.(ed.), Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous: Neoteros Ellinismos apo 1833 os 1881, vol. 13, Ekdotike Athenon, Athens 1977, p. 118.
© Historical and Ethnological Society of Greece, Athens.
Antonis Kriezis (1796-1865).
He was from Hydra and took part in many naval battles during the Greek
War of Independence.
Athens, War Museum.
© War Museum of Athens.
Portrait of Otto as a young man.
Oil painting of Joseph Stieler 0,89x0,86 m.
Athens, Benaki Museum.
Delivorrias, A., Fotopoulos, D., Greece at the Benaki Museum, Benaki
Museum, Athens 1997, p. 561, fig. 985.
© Benaki Museum, Athens.
Dimitrios Voulgaris (1802-1877).
Son of a notable from Hydra and husband of the daughter of Lazaros Kountouriotis.
He took part in the Greek War of Independence and occuppied administrative offices.
From 1855 until 1874 he became prime minister eight timed while he was one of
the prime movers of the deportation of Otto. He was nicknamed "Tsoumpes" because
of the notable costume of Hydra he wore.
Athens, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive Photographic Archive
© Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens.
Ioannis Kolokotronis (1805-1868),
son of Theodoros Kolokotronis. Although he was a teenager,
he took part in battles from the beginning of the Greek War of Independence.
He was named "Gennaios" (Brave) because of his heroism.
Athens, The Greek Chamber of Deputies Library.
© The Greek Chamber of Deputies Library, Athens.
King Otto and Queen Amalia left the country on October 12, 1862.
The lithograph pictures the landing of the royal couple from the ship
Amalia and its immediate embarkation on the British steamship Skylla
which took them to Venice.
Colour popular lithograph 47x69/50x71 cm.
Athens National Historical Museum No. 4948/56.
Christopoulos, G.(ed.), Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous: Neoteros Ellinismos apo 1833 os 1881, vol. 13, Ekdotike Athenon, Athens 1977, p. 198.
© Historical and Ethnological Society of Greece, Athens.
Konstantinos Kanaris (1790-1877) from Psara
was the best known fireship captain during the Greek War of Independence of 1821.
Although at an advanced age, he was a ringleader in the deportation
of Otto but also in the political oppositions and conflicts of the regency period.
Athens, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive Photographic Archive
© Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens.
Portrait of king Georgios in the first years
of his reign (1863-1913).
Oil painting by an unknown Greek painter 0,27x0,22 m.
Athens, Benaki Museum.
Delivorrias, A., Fotopoulos, D., Greece at the Benaki Museum, Benaki
Museum, Athens 1997, p. 588, fig. 1038.
© Benaki Museum, Athens.
A series of new politicians
are elected prime ministers in the period 1865-75,
during which political instability is observed. Photograph of Epameinondas Deligiorgis (1829-1879).
Athens, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive Photographic Archive
© Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens.
Alexandros Koumoundouros (1814-1883).
He was from Mani and practised law at Kalamata.
He took part in the Cretan Revolt of 1841 and was ten times prime minister.
Athens, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive Photographic Archive
© Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens.
Caricature published in Neos Aristophanis
on December 27, 1888 which satirizes the sittings of the Parliament.
In the centre are Trikoupis and Deligiannis.
Athens, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive
Bratzioti, L., O Charilaos Trikoupis kai i epochi tou: 4 Noemvriou-7
Dekemvriou 1996, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens 1996,
p. 139, fig. 195.
© Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens.
View of the Old Parliament
in Stadiou street. In the early 19th century it was the Kontostavlos home,
while in 1834 it was the temporary home of Otto. In 1843 the proceedings of the National Assembly
take place here; in 1854 it was burnt to ashes. The building of the Old Parliament
which sheltered the parliamentary life for the largest part of the 19th century has been renovated since 1875.
Papaioannou, Th., Enthymion Athinon: I Athina, o Peiraias kai ta Proastia stis arches tou aiona mas, Gnosi Publications, Athens 1984, p. 182-183.
© Th. Papaioannou.
The administrative division of the Greek state in the first years of Otto's reign.
Christopoulos, G.(ed.), Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous: Neoteros Ellinismos apo 1833 os 1881, vol. 13, Ekdotike Athenon, Athens 1977, p. 23.
© Ekdotike Athenon.
The dissolution of the
irregular troops and the organization of a regular army
increased the discontent of the armed men of the revolutionary period in the years
of the regency. The lithograph belongs to Leon Noel and it depicts the Greek irregular troops.
Athens, Gennadeios Library.
Christopoulos, G.(ed.), Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous: Neoteros Ellinismos apo 1833 os 1881, vol. 13, Ekdotike Athenon, Athens 1977, p. 26.
© Gennadeios Library, Athens.
Georg Ludwig von Mauer (1790-1872).
Jurist with a significant scientific work.
As a member of the regency, apart from the church question (1833-1834) he was also responsible for the composition of the penal legislation and the organization of the administration. His three-volume work The Greek World which was published in Germany in 1835 is remarkable.
Athens, Gennadeios Library.
Christopoulos, G.(ed.), Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous: Neoteros Ellinismos apo 1833 os 1881, vol. 13, Ekdotike Athenon, Athens 1977, p. 36.
© Gennadeios Library, Athens.
The First Constitution of Greece of 1844.
Athens, The Greek Chamber of Deputies Library.
Reprint of the original manuscript of the Constitution of 1844
from the archive of valuable documents of the Hellenic Parliament,
Eptalophos Publications, Athens 1995.
© The Greek Chamber of Deputies Library, Athens.
Georgios I in the first year of his reign.
German lithograph 0,60x0,44 m.
Athens, Benaki Museum.
Delivorrias, A., Fotopoulos, D., Greece at the Benaki Museum, Benaki
Museum, Athens 1997, p. 589, fig. 1040.
© Benaki Museum, Athens.
Photograph of Alexandros Koumoundouros. The Messenian politician was a supporter of the parliamentary system and formed the first government of parliamentary majority after his victory in the elections of 1875.
Athens, Photographic Archive Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive
© Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens.
Painting of N. Orlov which depicts a sitting
of the Parliament in the 1880's. Charilaos Trikoupis is discernible at the floor
and Theodoros Diligiannis is sitting at the benches.
Athens National Historical Museum.
Christopoulos, G.(ed.), Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous: Neoteros Ellinismos apo 1833 os 1881, vol. 13, Ekdotike Athenon, Athens 1977, p. 31.
© Historical and Ethnological Society of Greece, Athens.
Count Von Armansperg (1787-1853).
Athens National Historical Museum.
Christopoulos, G.(ed.), Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous: Neoteros Ellinismos apo 1833 os 1881, vol. 13, Ekdotike Athenon, Athens 1977, p. 36.
© Historical and Ethnological Society of Greece.
Spyridon Trikoupis (1788-1873).
He was the son of one of the most important families of Missolonghi and during the
Greek War of Independence he occupied administrative positions. He cooperated closely with
A. Mavrokordatos and was one of the leaders of the British party. Spyridon Trikoupis was
the husband of the sister of Mavrokordatos and father of Charilaos Trikoupis.
He is the writer of the four-volume work Istoria tis Ellinikis Epanastasis
"History of the Greek War of Independence".
Athens, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive Photographic Archive
© Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens.
The University functioned as a
place of radicalization of the political life of the country. Picture of the University of Athens.
Christopoulos, G.(ed.), Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous: Neoteros Ellinismos apo 1833 os 1881, vol. 13, Ekdotike Athenon, Athens 1977, p. 463.
© Gennadeios Library, Athens.
Georgios Typaldos Iakovatos (1813-1882).
Decsendant of an old noble family from Cephallonia, Iakovatos was one of the most important radical deputies in the Ionian Parliament even after the Union with the Greek one. He was a friend of Dionysios Solomos, whom he assisted in the collection of popular songs, a demoticist and the writer of Istoria tis Ioniou Akadimias.
Lixouri of Cephallonia, Iakovateios Library.
Elliniki Ekpaideutiki Egyklopaideia, Pagosmio Viographiko Lexiko,
9b, Ekdotike Athenon, Athens 1990, p. 235.
© Iakovateios Library, Lixouri of Cephallonia.
Rokkos Choidas (1830-1890).
He was a descendant of a noble family from Cephallonia.
His father was a soldier of the Sacred Battalion and a fighter
in the Greek War of Independence.
R. Choidas had democratic and anti-monarchic ideas for which he was imprisonned.
Elliniki Ekpaideutiki Egyklopaideia, Pagosmio Viographiko Lexiko, vol.
9b, Ekdotike Athenon, Athens 1990, p. 449.
© Ekdotike Athenon.
Charilaos Trikoupis (1832-1896).
Athens, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive Photographic Archive
© Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens.
Theodoros Diligiannis (1826-1905).
Athens, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive Photographic Archive
© Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens.
Ioannis Kolettis.
S., Markezinis, Politiki Istoria tis Neoteras Ellados 1828-1964: I Anagennisis tis Ellados 1828-1862, Papyros Publications, Athens 1966, p. 204.
© Papyros Publications.
Caricature of that period which satirizes the dispute of autochthons-heterochthons.
Athens, Gennadeios Library.
Christopoulos, G.(ed.), Istoria tou Ellinikou Ethnous: Neoteros Ellinismos apo 1833 os 1881, vol. 13, Ekdotike Athenon, Athens 1977, p. 460.
© Gennadeios Library, Athens.
The intervention of Ioannis Kolettis (photo)
in the dispute between autochthons-heterochthons was determinative,
as his discourse gave a new perspective to the matter.
Athens, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive Photographic Archive
© Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens.
The historian Konstantinos Paparrigopoulos (1815-1891).
Painting of V. Kontopoulos.
Athens University Collection.
Kabanis, A, Ekaton Peninta Chronia tou Ethnikou kai Kapodistriakou Panepistimiou
1837-1987: Portraits from the collection of the University of Athens, Publication of the National and Kapodistrian University, Athens 1987, p. 142.
© Athens University Collection.
The letter that Charilaos Trikoupis sent to the judge of a Court of Appeal with which he admits being the writer of the article "Tis Ptaiei" published in the newspaper Kairoi on July 4, 1874.
Athens, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive
Bratzioti, L., O Charilaos Trikoupis kai i epochi tou: 4 Noemvriou-7
Dekemvriou 1996, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens 1996,
p. 109, fig. 71.
© Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens.
One of the most important slogans of the policy of Th. Diligiannis
was "tax reduction". Caricature with caption "the results of the taxes of Trikoupis"
which was published in Neos Aristophanis on November 28, 1887.
Athens, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive
Bratzioti, L., O Charilaos Trikoupis kai i epochi tou: 4 Noemvriou-7
Dekemvriou 1996, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens 1996,
p. 138, fig. 186.
© Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens.
Map showing the expansion of the Greek state in the 19th century.
Image Processing: FHW
Caricature on the Eastern Question,
published in Neos Aristophanis in 1876 depicting the Great Powers
as well as the Balkan claimers of territories of the Ottoman Empire.
Athens, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive
Sapranidis, D, Istoria tis Politikis Geloiographias stin Ellada,
vol. 1, Papazisis publications, Athens 1975, p. 111.
© Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens.
Frontier-guards. The force of the border-guards
was composed in the late 1830's. Its main target was the persecution of bandits particularly
in the mountainous borderland of the Greek state.
Koliopoulos, G., Listes: I Kentriki Ellada sta mesa tou 19ou aiona,
Ermis publications, Athens 1988.
© Ermis publications.
Portrait of Alexandros Mavrokordatos (1791-1865).
Oil painting by an unknown European artist 0,75x0,58m.
Athens, Benaki Museum.
Fotopoulos, D., Delivorrias, A., Greece at the Benaki Museum, Benaki
Museum, Athens 1997, p. 563, fig. 989.
© Benaki Museum, Athens.
Theodoros Grivas (1797-1862).
Veteran chieftain of the Greek War of Independence of 1821 and a political friend of Kolettis.
He provoked an insurrection in his district (Acarnania) in April 1844 in the course of the
pre-election period aiming at achieving the voting against the government of Alexandros Mavrokordatos.
S., Markezinis, Politiki Istoria tis Neoteras Ellados 1828-1964: I Anagennisis tis Ellados 1828-1862, vol. 1, Papyros Publicatiosn, Athens 1966, p. 63.
© Papyros Publications.
Special issue published in the newspaper
Phos on October 10 and 12, 1862, concerning the deportation of Otto.
The text refers to the composition of a provisional government and to the convocation
of the National Assembly.
Athens, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive
Bratzioti, L., O Charilaos Trikoupis kai i epochi tou: 4 Noemvriou-7
Dekemvriou 1996, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens 1996,
p. 103, fig. 33.
© Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens.
The speech of Georgios I which was
delivered during the opening of the new Parliament after the elections of July 1875.
Athens, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive
Bratzioti, L., O Charilaos Trikoupis kai i epochi tou: 4 Noemvriou-7
Dekemvriou 1996, Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens 1996,
p. 112, fig. 73.
© Hellenic Literary and Historical Archive, Athens.
|