The first government of the Greek kingdom was appointed in April 1833. It was constituted from the most eminent representatives of the pro-British political party (A. Mavrokordatos, S. Trikoupis, etc.) and I. Kolettis. The pro-Russian political party, which was identified with the Kapodistrian period, was not represented and so in the summer of 1833 the first opposition activity appeared. This was expressed through articles in the press and the gathering of signatures calling for the deportation of the regency. The reaction of the palace was to appoint a new ministerial group with more members from the pro-French political formation this time. The year 1834 is marked by the crisis in the relations of the members of the regency ending in the monocracy of Otto's chancellor, Armansperg, and the trial and death sentence of Theodoros Kolokotronis. The methodical handling of the trial directed by I. Kolettis provoked a reaction from the pro-Russian political party (insurrections in Mani, Messenia and elsewhere) as well as the reaction of those well disposed towards A. Mavrokordatos. The strong refusal of the judges Tertsetis and Polyzoidis to consent to the sentence of Geros (Kolokotronis's nickname which means Old Man) is indicative of the conversion of the supporters of Mavrokordatos with the pro-Russian political party at that time.

Ioannis Kolettis, knowledgeable about the internal political situation and with the chieftains of Rumeli on his side as strong supports, effectively countered the insurrections, thus maximizing his political power. This soon brought about a break in his relations with Armansperg, which resulted in his dismissal from the government in 1835, the year of Otto's coming of age. Moreover, in an attempt to bring together the other two parties, the young king granted a reprieve to Theodoros Kolokotronis while those well disposed towards A. Mavrokordatos were promoted in the government.

The first years of domestic political life were also marked by the great insurrection in Acarnania in 1836 which was incited by supporters of I. Kolettis and the pro-Russian political party and aimed at the removal of Armansperg. This would be realized a year later following his conflict with Otto and the court of Bavaria. In 1837 the dominance of Armansperg ended and the authoritarian government of the country by Otto began.