Regarding the art of the period 867-1025 it has to be noted that the limits are conventional and it is preferable to consider
as a starting point of this period, the year 843, when the icons were finally restored. A term frequently used for this period is the "Macedonian Renaissance". The use of this term, however, is one of convention and must not be confused with the notion of the Renaissance as it is known in the West. The Renaissance in the West
took place under totally different conditions and aimed at the study, the observation and the
depiction of reality. Byzantine art, on the other hand, aimed, through the use of classical
norms, to convey its transcendental character. Besides this there is a basic difference in the
approach to classical norms between Byzantine art and the art of Renaissance.
The phrase "Macedonian Renaissance" was coined to show emphatically the revival and the
prosperity the state enjoyed during the 10th and the 11th century. It was the framework within letters and art flourished.
The period after 843 was important both for the reorganization and establishment of a new
iconographic programme and the spread -in several variations- of the fully developed
architectural type of the cross-in-square church. The gap encountered in
this art is due to the scant surviving examples of pictures and mosaics saved from the period
867-1025, but is covered by manuscripts of this period -preserved in excellent condition- that
come from Imperial and Patriarchal sources. At the same time, objects made of several
metals, often decorated with precious stones, as well as ivory objects of incomparable art,
reflect the undoubted economic and cultural flourishing of Byzantium in this period.
|